A novel approach to identify the major research themes and development trajectory: The case of patenting research

作者：Louis Y.Y. Lu, John S. Liu

年份：2015

期刊：Technological Forecasting & Social Change

研究内容：Identify the major research themes. 文章在WOS上检索了关于“patent”的论文，建立引文网络，通过edge-betweenness clustering technique和key-route main path analysis are两种方法来确立主要研究主题。提出的方法可用于发现一个领域的主要研究主题并绘制发展轨迹。数据需要有citation relationships。

这篇文章的国内外研究现状是穿插在小节中，而不是独立在某一个chapter中写的。其实我个人比较认同这种引用文献的方式，但在TF & SC的其他论文中似乎比较少见。

¶关键技术

¶Edge-betweenness clustering

删除在不同的Groups之间edge来发现’community’。Edge-betweenness是针对边而言的，定义为“顶点对间途径该边的最短路径数量”(The edge-betweenness of an edge is defined as ‘the number of shortest paths between pairs of vertices that run along it’)。

本文是直接用的Csardi, G., Nepusz, T., 2006. The igraph software package for complex network research. Int. J. Complex Syst. 1695开发的软件实现Edge-betweenness clustering。

算法的大致步骤如下：

First,calculate the betweenness for all edges in the network;

second, remove the edge with the highest betweenness;

third, recalculate the betweenness for all edges affected by the removal;

fourth, repeat from step 2 until no edge remains.

¶Key-route main path analysis

寻找有高遍历权重（traversal weight）的边top significant link，从头结点和尾结点展开搜索，搜索的links和这条link构成一个Path。所有Path的集合叫做Key-route main path。这里解释不是很详细，不过作者本身也只是用了别人的工具。

本文使用Pajek软件直接生成主路径的。Batageij, V., Mrvar, A., 1998. Pajek — program for large network analysis. Connections 21 (2), 47–57.

¶数据

1971-2013在WOS上与Patent相关的论文。完成后进行了简单的统计。

Author statistics.The authors are ranked by g-index and h-index.

Journal statistics。top 20 influential journals that have published the most research papers in patenting according to their g-index and hindex.

¶结果

通过edge-betweenness clustering得到major research groups
通过word cloud判断group topic
通过key-route main path analysis来找寻gruops之间的关联和整体的发展轨迹。

¶Clustering in patenting

一个整体统计加上每一个Gruop的词云，本来就只有12页的论文基本上都是图和表。😂😂😂 八类分别是：

citation network analysis
patent law
patent valuation
academic patenting
gene patenting
patent policy
patent protection
technology analysis

Table 1.Statistics of 8 clusters

Cluster	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Active years	1983–2013	1977–2013	1986–2013	1978–2013	1991–2013	1985–2013	1989–2013	1994–2013
No. of papers	609	410	399	248	192	171	154	138
Papers /year	19.64	11.08	14.25	6.89	8.73	5.90	6.16	4.6